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Child killers will be eligible to receive life sentences as part of changes to the criminal justice system in England and Wales.
Whole-life orders will also be extended to 18 to 20-year-olds convicted of terrorism causing mass loss of life.
The changes will also see sexual and violent offenders serve at least two-thirds of jail terms, rather than half.
Justice Secretary Robert Buckland said the “fundamental shift” marked the end of “complex and confusing” laws.
He said the changes to sentencing would ensure the most serious violent and sexual offenders “get the prison time they deserve”.
It comes after the criminal justice system ground to a halt during the coronavirus pandemic, adding to already steep backlogs and delays for victims and defendants.
Among the new interventions proposed in a White Paper published on Wednesday are:
- raising the sentencing threshold for serious offences including a “third strike” for burglaries and “two strikes” for knife possession
- new powers to halt the automatic release of offenders who pose a terrorist threat or are a danger to the public
- reducing the opportunities for over-18s who committed murder as a child to have their minimum jail term reviewed
- using GPS tags to track burglars, robbers and thieves when they are released from prison
- deploying so-called “sobriety tags” to tackle alcohol-related crime
And offenders sentenced to between four and seven years in prison for serious crimes such as rape and manslaughter will no longer be automatically considered for release halfway through their jail terms.
While tougher sentences are among the measures proposed, changes to criminal records to reduce the time offenders have to declare past crimes to employers are also included.
For the past few days, the government has been trailing its White Paper with a series of eye-catching announcements promising tougher sentences for terrorists, violent offenders and motorists who kill.
Many of the plans are likely to command broad public support while measures to relax criminal records disclosure rules have the potential to make a real difference to ex-offenders struggling to find work.
But the timing of the proposals is somewhat odd, as the government grapples with the biggest crisis the criminal justice system has faced in decades.
Problems caused by the coronavirus have meant that a huge backlog of trials across England and Wales has got even bigger.
The sentencing changes, if they go ahead, won’t help the tens of thousands of victims, witnesses and defendants caught up in the backlog who now face the prospect of waiting up to two years for their day in court.
A focus on supporting ex-offenders will see custodial sentences become “spent” after 12 months without reoffending, with convictions of up to four years no longer disclosed after a further four crime-free years.
Sentences of more than four years will not automatically be disclosed to employers after a further seven-year period of rehabilitation is completed.
Whole-life orders for adults who murder children were a pledge by the Conservatives at last year’s general election.
Backlog
The announcement of reforms to sentencing comes after lawyers warned hundreds of thousands of people may have to wait until 2022 for justice, due to delays in the Crown Courts.
Since lockdown began in March, the backlog of Crown Court cases has risen by 6,000 to 43,000.
The Ministry of Justice has pledged an extra 1,600 court staff and £80m towards a range of measures, including more Nightingale courts.
And Mr Buckland has told the BBC he would “use every tool in the book” to clear the case backlog.
Meanwhile detection rates for crimes remain low, having fallen from one-in-seven crime reports leading to a charge in 2015 to around one-in-14 last year.
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